rfc:password_registry

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PHP RFC: Password Hashing Registry

Introduction

The password_*() functions introduced a means to support standardized password hashing mechanisms for use by applications. Support for bcrypt was included in the initial launch, with argon2i and argon2id being added later (if and only if libargon was available on the system at the time of compilation.

This qualification about the availability of libargon is a complicating factor for linux distributions where the core of php-src is often kept intentionally lean, with additional extensions being provided in separate packages to be loaded only by those installations who want the additional functionality. This means that some percentage of distro package users either have a library dependency they didn't want, or lack functionality they did want.

This proposal seeks to remedy this by introducing a password hashing registry mechanism similar to the Hash extension's php_hash_register_algo() API.

Proposal

Internal API

  struct php_password_algo {
    const char* name; // Symbolic name of the algorithm, e.g. "argon2id"
    zend_string* (*hash)(const zend_string* password, zend_array* options);
    zend_bool (*verify)(const zend_string* password, const zend_string* hash);
    zend_bool (*needs_rehash)(const zend_string* hash, zend_array *options);
    int (*get_info)(zval *return_value, const zend_string* hash);
    zend_bool (*valid)(const zend_string* hash);
  };
  PHPAPI int php_password_algo_register(const char* ident, const php_password_algo*);
  PHPAPI void php_password_algo_unregister(const char* ident);
  PHPAPI const php_password_algo* php_password_algo_default();
  PHPAPI zend_string *php_password_algo_extract_ident(const zend_string* hash);
  PHPAPI const php_password_algo* php_password_algo_find(const zend_string* ident);
  PHPAPI const php_password_algo* php_password_algo_get_named(const zend_string* name);
  PHPAPI php_password_algo* php_password_algo_identify(const zend_string* hash);
  

Extensions wishing to provide an algorithm implementation will setup a (typically global const) structure to contain the four method pointers and call php_password_algo_register() during MINIT to hook in.

The hash, verify, and needs_rehash method pointers function exactly as their PHP userspace functions describe, but don't require an algo ID, as this has already been determined by the exported functions in looking up the algorithm.

The get_info method pointer allows adding entries to an array return value for the password_get_info() userspace command. This function must return SUCCESS or FAILURE.

The valid method pointer is the mechanism used for determining what algorithm handler is appropriate for a given hash string. For example, only the bcrypt handler should return true for a hash string beginning with “$2y$”.

Because the registry is organized as an associative array, any attempt to re-register an already present password mechanism will result in a failure.

Userspace API

An additional function, password_algos(), will be added to return a complete list of all registered password hashing algorithms as a vector. The value element will be the human hash identity which may or may not correspond to the human readable name for the algo. For example:

  > print_r(password_algos());
  Array (
      [0] => "2y" // Ident for "bcrypt"
      [1] => "argon2i"
      [2] => "argon2id"
  )

Backward Incompatible Changes

Algorithm identifiers are now (nullable) strings rather than numbers. Applications correctly using the constants such as PASSWORD_DEFAULT, PASSWORD_BCRYPT, etc... will continue to function correctly.

Note that PASSWORD_DEFAULT === null.

Minimizing impact to BC

We could overload the password_hash() and password_needs_rehash() methods to accept integer values 0, 1, 2, and 3 to function as aliases for DEFAULT, BCRYPT, ARGIN2I, and ARGON2ID, respectively.

Extension Changes

ext/standard will continue to register the bcrypt algo, as well as argon2i and argon2id if the library is available at compile time in order to maintain compatibility with older builds. The ext/sodium extension will be extended to make “standard” an explicit dependency, then will check to see if argon2i/argon2id were registered already. If not, they will be registered by ext/sodium to produce compatible results available via dynamic load.

Proposed PHP Version(s)

7.next

Open Questions

  • Should the registry support password hashing mechanisms defined in script code? (I don't think so, but feel free to disagree)

Future Scope

Review ext/sodium to see if there are additional password hashing algorithms it may be appropriate to enable.

Proposed Voting Choices

Simple 50% +1, make the password hashing system extensible via internal-only registry.

Patches and Tests

rfc/password_registry.1539891095.txt.gz · Last modified: 2018/10/18 19:31 by pollita