rfc:objkey
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====== PHP RFC: Objects as hash keys ====== | ====== PHP RFC: Objects as hash keys ====== | ||
- | * Version: | + | * Version: |
- | * Date: 2014-10-21 | + | * Date: 2014-10-26 |
- | * Author: Stas Malyshev (stas@php.net) | + | * Author: Stas Malyshev (stas@php.net), krakjoe |
- | * Status: | + | * Status: |
* First Published at: http:// | * First Published at: http:// | ||
- | Allow objects to serve as hash keys (to be filled in) | + | The purpose of this RFC is to introduce a magic method that will allow objects to serve as hash keys. |
===== Introduction ===== | ===== Introduction ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | In PHP array keys can be only represented as numbers and strings. However, there already are several classes that represent different kinds of numbers (such as GMP objects) and some objects can also represent strings (e.g. Unicode strings) or string-like objects. It would be convenient to be able to use such objects as array keys to. | ||
+ | |||
+ | It could be achieved as conversion to string, but this is not ideal since object' | ||
===== Proposal ===== | ===== Proposal ===== | ||
+ | Create a new magic method, %%__hash()%% which is called when object is supplied as a hash key, and returns string or integer that is used as the hash key. | ||
+ | |||
+ | A number of languages implement the same facility, namely: | ||
+ | * Java has hashCode() and toString() | ||
+ | * Python has %%__str__, __repr__ and __hash__%% | ||
+ | * Ruby has object.hash | ||
+ | |||
+ | The method should produce a value which is acceptable as a key (not including objects), | ||
+ | otherwise the engine will still produce an illegal offset type error. The objects not having this | ||
+ | method implemented would produce an illegal offset type error when used in hash key position as before. | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code php> | ||
+ | <?php | ||
+ | class Foo { | ||
+ | public function __hash() { | ||
+ | return " | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | $foo = new Foo(); | ||
+ | $test = [ | ||
+ | $foo => true | ||
+ | ]; | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Inheritance shall work as any other magic method: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code php> | ||
+ | <?php | ||
+ | class Foo { | ||
+ | public function __hash() { | ||
+ | return " | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | class Bar extends Foo { | ||
+ | /* shall use Foo::__hash unless Bar::__hash is implemented */ | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | $bar = new Bar(); | ||
+ | $test = [ | ||
+ | $bar => true | ||
+ | ]; | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Returning a non-scalar shall fail as it did before: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code php> | ||
+ | <?php | ||
+ | class Foo { | ||
+ | public function __hash() { | ||
+ | return []; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | $foo = new Foo(); | ||
+ | $test = [ | ||
+ | $foo => true | ||
+ | ]; | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Shall yield: | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | Warning: Illegal offset type in %s on line %d | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | The current behavior of %%__toString%% is unchanged. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Backward Incompatible Changes ===== | ||
- | ===== Backward Incompatible Changes ===== | ||
Should not break anything as we don't allow this now. | Should not break anything as we don't allow this now. | ||
Line 30: | Line 104: | ||
Since objects are run-time, should not have any effects on opcache. | Since objects are run-time, should not have any effects on opcache. | ||
- | ==== New Constants ==== | ||
- | |||
- | None. | ||
- | |||
- | ==== php.ini Defaults ==== | ||
- | |||
- | None. | ||
===== Open Issues ===== | ===== Open Issues ===== | ||
- | ??? | + | - Should SplFixedArray support object indexes? |
+ | - Should SplObjectStorage support calling %%__hash%% for an object if it exists? | ||
- | ===== Proposed Voting Choices | + | ===== Vote ===== |
- | New magic method requires 2/3 majority. | + | New magic method requires 2/3 majority. The vote also includes choice for the name - %%__hash%% or %%__toKey%%. Vote for either is counted as the vote for the proposal. |
- | ===== Patches and Tests ===== | + | <doodle title=" |
+ | * Yes, via method __hash | ||
+ | * Yes, via method __toKey | ||
+ | * No | ||
+ | </ | ||
- | TBD | + | The vote runs from December 16, 2014 to the end of day (PDT) January 6, 2015. |
===== Implementation ===== | ===== Implementation ===== | ||
- | TBD | + | https:// |
===== References ===== | ===== References ===== | ||
Line 61: | Line 133: | ||
===== Rejected Features ===== | ===== Rejected Features ===== | ||
- | None | + | - Using %%__toString%% |
+ | - Supporting the use of objects for string indexes |
rfc/objkey.txt · Last modified: 2017/09/22 13:28 by 127.0.0.1